An Analytical Comparison of “I Hear America Singing” and “I, Too”

An Analytical Comparison of â€Å"I Hear America Singing† and â€Å"I, Too† Born ten years after the death of Walt Whitman, there was no possible way for Langston Hughes to ever meet or communication with Whitman, but that did not mean Hughes could not establish a connection to him, or at least his work. In 1925, Hughes wrote a poem titled â€Å"I, Too† was inspired by and directed in response to the poem â€Å"I Hear America Singing†, which was composed by Whitman much earlier. Whitman’s poem consisted of a variety of different American laborers who â€Å"sing† as they do their jobs.This well-known poem never specifically addresses the ethnicity of these singing laborers of the American population, but Hughes sets about to rectify that omission. Walt Whitman is sometimes considered a pioneer of free verse and non-esoteric subject matter with focus on the working-class using realistic imagery. Whitman’s poem â€Å"I Hear America Singi ng† demonstrates no end rhyme, but we hear a sense of melody in his repetitions and rhythm in the length of his lines that substitutes for the pattern we would expect to perceive in conventional poetry.Though beyond that we can tell that the tone of the poem is muscular, its beat vibrant, and its mood proud. Each tradesman in the poem performs his labor with the same pride and triumph that one might hear from a singer. There is no promotion of importance attached to the jobs performed or the performers who carry out those jobs. In the end of the poem he mentions the inclusion of female voice with â€Å"delicious singing† (10) along with â€Å"the young wife at work, or of the girl sewing or washing† (10-11).With attention to include both sexes, Whitman seems to be taking in all aspects of America’s working class, but it has been drawn out many times that this poem does not specifically detail African-Americans as part of the cluster. It is this detail that Hughes believed should have been incorporated and led to his follow-up poem, â€Å"I, Too†. As Langston Hughes was going up, African-Americans were not accepted and were discriminated against; separated from using the same facilities and being in the same place as Caucasians, just to name a few.The division between whites and blacks was clearly prevalent and the United States of America was a racially discriminatory society reinforced by its racist laws. Hughes took the initiative to speak his mind via poetry, resulting in his piece â€Å"I, Too†. In this poem, Hughes clearly signifies one thing: Just because his skin color is different from whites, does not mean that they get to sing the National Anthem louder. Arguing that all American citizens are the same, disregarding their skin color, Hughes applies in this poem a master-slave relationship.The assumed white master shows disrespect to his servant by sending him away whenever visitors come over, because he is orde red to eat secluded from the company. However he seems to not be faze by this and actually finds it funny, supported by â€Å"But I laugh† (5). Furthermore, not only does he find amusement in this unpleasant situation, but the isolation has a positive effect on him â€Å"And grow strong† (7), implying that even though he submits to his master, his spirit will not be diminished.In every line of â€Å"I Hear America Singing†, the word â€Å"singing† appears to help emphasize and describe the melody of the working American citizens, yet there is no song in particular. Perhaps they are singing the National Anthem? America’s people doing American jobs all united by an unidentified melody that shrouds them all. It would seem a bit peculiar for Whitman to exclude African-Americans.The people in Whitman’s poem are common folk without individual names or true identities, but they are all idealized as each one finds joy in the dignity of his or her la boring task. The heart of Hughes’s poem demonstrates the strength of a black slave who stands up for what is right and says enough is enough. Though it is meant to be a response to â€Å"I Hear America Singing†, it feels as though â€Å"I, Too† misses the message of Whitman’s work and perhaps Hughes was only too troubled by segregation to understand.

According Narmada

According to the government, the Sardar Sarovar Dam will do the following: Provide safe drinking water to 30 million people Irrigate 4. million hectares of land Produce 550 megawatts of power Provide 1,300 cubic-meters of water per yr. or municipal and industrial purposes Provide a drainage system to carry away floodwaters It will also take the land of 320,000 people http://www. narmada. org/maps/nvdp. ]pg The Sardar Sarovar Dam The cost of the project was estimated at $200 million, actual cost is $450 million Investors are the World Bank until 1993 (when they withdrew), Gov. of Gujarat (state where the Sardar Sarovar dam is located) and S.Kumars (India's leading textile companies) It will displace 180,000 more than projected and affect 700,000 livelihoods India's History with Dams According to the World Commission on dams: Over the last 50 years, India has built more than 1500 large dams. 70% of the irrigation projects are still incomplete 16 million Indian people have been forced f rom their homes because of these dams. % of these people were not ‘rehabilitated' Picture of a village, now an island http://www. narmada. org/images/satyagraha2003/sat7.J Opponents Dalits and Adivasi (indigenous people). In accordance to their caste system they are ‘untouchables'. Many of these people are uneducated and very few can read and write. Narmada Bachao Andolan, the Save the Narmada Movement (NBA). The movement started in 1986 when the World Bank ent India $450 million for the Sardar project. It was started by a social worker named Medha Patkar. She is the representative for the NBA movement. Medha Patkar http://www. narmada. org/domkhedi. submergence. pictures. tml Arundhati Roy; Booker Prize-winning author supporter of the Save the Narmada Movement; wrote a book about the Dams in India called ‘The Greater Common Good'. Baba Amte; a social worker whose work with leprosy has earned him much respect in the country among the tribal people and government of ficials. â€Å"Nobody builds Big Dams to provide drinking water to rural people. Nobody can afford to. â€Å"There's a lot of money in poverty . † Arundhati Roy Proponents Indian Government supports the building of dams. The World Bank supported the Sardar Sarovar Dam Project and loaned India $450 million.They withdrew from the project after an independent review confirmed social and environmental impacts were increasing. The Supreme Court of India has ruled on the Sardar Sarovar Dam. In 1995 they suspended work on the dam because the height exceeded the amount originally planned, 75m. In 1999 they ordered work to continue up to the height of 85m. Then in Oct 18, 2000 they ruled in favor of uilding the Sardar Sarovar despite global Mr Vyas, Gujarat's Minister for Narmada Irrigation. â€Å"l think this is a civil engineering marvel. â€Å"If you have to sacrifice a little bit of your own for the good of society, do it gladly, willingly, smilingly† â€Å"We have given them the best and put them in the bracket which belongs to the best people.

Pompeii: Tales from the Eruption Essay

The Museum of Fine Arts Houston had an art exhibition entitled â€Å"Pompeii: Tales from the Eruption†. There are almost 500 artifacts and cast of the remnants of dying people that were showcased. It also included a documentary film about the discovery of these artifacts and footage of the fierce eruption of Mt Vesuvius. The artifacts presented are tools of trade, jewelries, like necklaces and bracelets, murals and paintings, marble statues, and mosaics. One of the jewelries displayed is the golden snake bracelet. It is designed with a two headed snake biting the rims of the circle with an engraved figure of a lady, it maybe a goddess worshiped at the time. The helmet of the gladiators is also displayed. Gladiators are like wrestling superstars we idolized today, they are brave fighters who kill one another for freedom. They are the pitiful warriors used as an entertainment by the emperors and the people. There are also statues like the Statuette of Mercury which is made form gold and silver. Mercury is wearing a golden hat and a golden bag hanged over his neck. He carried a staff with wings and snakes, it is like the medical symbol, caduceus. And beside him is a cock with a golden collar. On the other hand, the Head of an Amazon is made from marble in mid-1st century AD. It was founded at the Villa of the Papyri in Herculaneum, the city beside Pompeii, this is one of the best Roman copies of a type of Amazon of the Classical period. One of the amazing artifacts is the Triclinium A founded in . It is a mural of the god of music, Apollo, playing his lyre with his two muses on his side, Euterpe and Cleo. Apollo wears his cloak over his shoulders, he carried his lyre on his left arm and his head was adorned by laurel leaves. The mural is a fresco brightly colored in red, which was once displayed in a dining room. In connection with the dining room, is the silver Kantharos. It is a wine cup embellished with olives. In Roman beliefs, olives and wine are symbols of wealth. It can be predicted that these objects are used as status symbol by the rich citizens of the old city.   The Mosaic with Gorgon, House of the Centenary, Pompeii, is a floor mosaic from glass and stone tiles. It was designed and intricately arranged with different figures in the upper and lower portions. At the center inside a circle is the face of the gorgon Medusa, in Roman culture gorgon is an ugly creature. Medusa as we commonly know is a women cursed with snakes in her head. It is believed that anyone who looked into her eyes turned into stone. That is why; the floor mosaic at that time is used to ward off evil spirits and intruders alike. These objects provided a glimpse of the culture and lifestyle of the people of Pompeii. As the artifacts suggest, inhabitants of Pompeii are elegant people, they are the type that loves entertainment and jewelries like the ones we see in epic movies about Rome. These golden bracelets, statues and murals we see today were once flaunted by the gorgeous people of the old city. It reminded me of the rich city before it was devastated by the gruesome lavas that burst out from Mt Vesuvius. The eruption of the gory volcano was painted by Pierre-Jacques Volaire in 1777. The oil painting depicts the violent upsurge of molten lava from the mouth of Mt Vesuvuis. The lava is like a monster engulfing everything that comes his way living or non-living. There are people crossing the bridge, scurrying and running helplessly to save their lives and over the sky hanged the black clouds. The painting looked alive to me. I felt like I was there, struggling among the throngs of wallowing children and shrieking men and women.   It felt like the 911 incident although it does not relate from nature but the catastrophic event and the devastation. The eruption of the volcano in Pompeii was experience by the people; my experience in the 911 incident is only through media coverage. However, it still felt achingly the same. There are other depressing objects showcased in the museum. The plaster cast of a mother and her child that was found on the same house where the golden bracelet was discovered was totally heartbreaking. I can almost feel the terror the mother would have felt and how she fervently prays for God to save her daughter. There are more remnants of people found, in the large Palaestra and the Via Stabiana. The picture of the cast from the staircase of the House of Fabius Rufus showed how desperately people tried to escape from the wrath of the volcano yet they were ferociously burnt by the sea of molten lava. If I were caught in that deadly situation, I would probably feel as if the world was coming to an end as described by all religious denominations. I would have been praying so hard for God to come and rescue me, although I could imagine, at that time all you can hear were the terrifying screams and cries from all the inhabitants running for their lives over the thundering rage of the volcano. And although it happened years ago, I still felt sorry for them, I hope that their soul will find peace someday. My visit at the museum is an experience that will never be forgotten. It arose a state of awareness in me that made me realized how tragic life could be, I remembered the different tragedies that had walk and distraught the different life forms in earth; hurricane Katrina, World War 1 and 2, the tsunami in Indonesia, and the 911 incident. It made me feel angry and anxious because I know when this disasters occur we cannot do anything about it but I am thankful and happy because after all those catastrophes we have move on, we are still continuing to live our life until the end. All these mixed emotions overwhelmed me as I watch all the objects presented in the museum. It has been a sensible learning experience that relates the world today and the city that once live gloriously, the city of Pompeii. Works Cited Focus work of Art: The Eruption of Mt Vesuvuis. North Carolina Museum of Art. 14 April 2008 < http://www.ncartmuseum.org/artnc/object.php?themeid=1&objectid=1>. Houston, Museum of Fine Arts â€Å"Pompeii. Tales from an Eruption. 2 Mar 2008. Eosarte.eu. 14 April 2008 . Pompeii: Tales from an Eruption. The Museum of Fine Arts, Houston. 14 April 2008

Quality Management Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Quality Management - Term Paper Example This review focuses on Mike Bolton’s published issue- ‘Get Staff Involved in Quality Initiatives.’ Mike Bolton, the Vice President of ATC, a public transportation company, explored an entirely new quality initiative. He went out of the ordinary Six Sigma to the risk of involving employees-whose loyalty was not guaranteed-in quality initiatives. This was a daunting task that many critics doubted its feasibility. Bolton’s motivation for a new quality initiative was the economic downturn in 2000 when it merged with a global transportation service. He thought that adopting the Six Sigma would be costly in terms of time and finances considering their budget at the time. Together with ATC’s CEO, Jim Long, Bolton adopted the Action Workout initiative. This incorporated leaders and employees alike in quality improvement. Teams were deployed to each of ATC’s branches; this consisted of leaders and employees. Each team had one leader and six employees, their focus was improving one of the laid down key profitability driver at its location. Each location was put on a 60-day clock on the start and finish and assumed ownership of the results. The teams were encouraged to localize best practices, this enhanced member enthusiasm and creativity. Among the ideas put into action were trained teams comprising of defenders of safety whose main concern was to reduce accidents. They established the root cause of accidents to be failure to perform vehicle inspection. They established the ‘red dot’ inspection initiative to counter this. The other team was the ‘budgeteers’ team. Their focus was overtime expense reduction. This was achieved by routine vehicle fueling, maintenance timing and reporting accuracy among others. Every vehicle and every driver were tracked every day. Teams that produced the best results were awarded. The company also learnt a number of insights: the need to think carefully about team

Utilitarianism on Terminating Employees versus Truthful Environmental Essay

Utilitarianism on Terminating Employees versus Truthful Environmental Reporting - Essay Example It is evidently clear from the discussion that a rule utilitarian might assert that the best rule is one that favors shareholder interests in the long run which entails following government policies about emission levels because doing so protects the latter’s long-term interest. A company cannot exist and will not stay long without shareholders, so their happiness matters the most in this scenario. Furthermore, thinking about their interests can also satisfy the interests of workers for having lasting jobs, so this rule is not entirely bad for the interest of the many. However, shareholder happiness must not be based on temporary goal fulfillment but on long-term interests. John Stuart Mill asserts that the quality of happiness matters in making the right decisions. He believes that humans are rational creatures who use â€Å"higher faculties† and â€Å"nobler feelings† to make the best decisions for their happiness. This case demands high-level thinking about th e long-term good of shareholders which includes not breaking laws. If the author will not publish the report and the environmental agency of the department finds out that the emission levels next year surpass the legal limits, the government will close factory operations which will detrimentally affect shareholders and employees alike.   The decision to publish the report is important in ensuring that the company will follow policies on emissions levels and find the best technology to comply with them.   A rule utilitarian might suggest going ahead and publishing the report so that the company can prepare for buying the latest technology, even if it is expensive because it will prevent future problems that will harm shareholder interest more.

The Social Context of Ethical Practice in Mental Health Care Essay

The Social Context of Ethical Practice in Mental Health Care - Essay Example It shall discuss the planning, implementation, and evaluation associated with their care relating it to the nursing process and theoretical framework and model of care underpinning the assessment. The driving force for the development of mental health policies were concerns on public safety and on the minimization of risk (Fry, 2011). In the 1700s, their fears of mental illness were mostly related to their fears on witchcraft and the devil. The lower classes believed that only by using violent means could the mental illness be treated. Among the upper classes, they were keen on morally condemning such illnesses; and their fears of these diseases impacted on mental health with the attitudes of apathy being expressed against these diseases (Fry, 2011). During King George’s time when he was apparently cured of his mental illness, the attitudes towards mental illness changed and took on a more accepting attitude. The people had faith in the belief that the mental illness can be cu red. As a result, asylums for the treatment of the mentally ill were established (Fry, 2011). More research on mental illness and on its treatment was carried out. Models of sanity were also conceptualized; these models were accepted among professionals and laymen. Unfortunately inasmuch as these asylums were built on noble and helpful reasons, they soon became places of incarceration for the mentally ill, not a place of treatment (Fry, 2011). The war gave birth to the so-called war trauma which was identified as a mental illness. This mental illness became the subject of many studies. However, even as the general concern was for the treatment of mental illnesses, the focus of legislation ran towards detainment and compulsory treatment (Fry, 2011). After the Second World War and with the advent of drug therapies, including tranquilizers and neuroleptics, better odds for the treatment of mental illness brought about legislation for the improvement of the treatment of patients in ment al institutions (Fry, 2011). In 1983, the Mental Health Act was introduced in order to secure the rights of mental health patients and to protect public safety. The National Health Service and Community Care Act of 1990 further improved this law by introducing community care for the mentally ill. More improvements were later seen on mental health care with the amendment of the Mental Health Act as introduced by the Mental Health Act of 2007. Description of patient My client who shall be referred to as Patient A was admitted into the rehabilitation unit from Ward 8 following his right below the knee amputation. His amputation was carried out as a result of infected foot ulcers. His sutures from his amputation were recently removed and he was now set to start the rehabilitation process. The rehabilitation unit where he was admitted specializes in orthopaedic and stroke rehabilitation patients, including patients having had fractures, amputations, and patients with bodily weakness caus ed by paralysis as a result of strokes and spinal injuries. The unit focuses on regaining mobility for patients, helping them regain strength and coordination in their movements, and assisting them in learning ways on how to carry out their daily activities even with their disabilities. On the third of March 2011, an ectasia was detected in his right common iliac. Further infection of foot ulcers in the area led to further

The ANWR Oil Drilling Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

The ANWR Oil Drilling - Essay Example Nevertheless, since this portion, called ‘1002 Area’ after the ANILCA section, has been considered as a probable source of oil and gas because of its proximity to the Mackenzie Delta, an area which has been found to have such resources by Canadians. In 1995, the two legislative bodies of the US government passed into law the Budget Act, which also includes an approval of the development of the ANWR 1002 Area. However, President Bill Clinton, under pressure from environmentalist groups, decided to veto it. Since then, the issue of further exploration and the possibility of extraction of oil and gas in the ANWR have become the subject of intense debates among environmentalist groups and proponents of petroleum and gas exploration. With the constant fluctuations and increases in the prices of crude oil in the world market, the increasing domestic demand for it, and the recurring peace and order problems in the Middle East, the debate on the issue has intensified even furthe r. The ANWR oil drilling issue has even reached the point that it has become an agenda for national elections. Both the Republicans and the Democrats have used their respective stand on this subject as part of their strategies in gathering political support for every electoral contest they participate. The Democrats have held the stand of opposing oil drilling in the area since President Clinton. (Douglas) On the other hand, the Republicans have been pushing for the opening of the 1002 Area for exploration and eventual extraction. However, the political noise generated by the debate on this issue between the Republicans and the Democrats have only blurred further the merits and demerits of oil drilling in the ANWR.  

Religion and Society Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Religion and Society - Essay Example Various charismatic and religious leaders are known to have brought about change, for example, Martin Luther King, who is seen to have played a crucial role in liberating the blacks. Religious leaders are known to have some sort of control on the members of the society, implying that people will follow their directives in the effort of bringing about change in the society. Various scholars have come up with theories that explain how religion acts as a radical force for revolutionary change, and give examples from various actions of church leaders, which have shown that religion has the command to change the status quo, e.g., during the apartheid when Archbishop Desmond Tutu fought against it (Idinopulos). The society also depends on various religious bodies and institutions to lay down rituals and values on the society, and this plays a crucial role in bringing unity in the community (Gerrie and Tsuruoka 14). In most families that follow some religion, at a tender age, children are b rought up with values from the church and they are introduced to the religious side of life, and this guides their behavior and how they grow up. Families will rely on religion for moral socialization of their children, which enforces a sense of ethnic identity and morality, which they will take up for the rest of their lives. Therefore, religion has changed the society as it acts as a source of social control, hence playing a paramount role in bringing order in the society. 2. How Is Religion Raising Questions of Identity and Challenging Concepts of Citizenship? The fundamental meaning of religion is laid down on the basis of common beliefs and practices carried out by a group of people that dictates their moral conduct (Gerrie and Tsuruoka 5). Therefore, people of one religion will have rules that govern their conduct and will stipulate the ways of living, failing which equals to going against the will of God. On the other hand, identity will have to do with knowing where one belo ngs, and the two will come into play as there are various religions in the world today, which range from Christianity and Islam to Hinduism, just to name a few. Religion now raises questions of identity in that people will belong to different religions, and this comes into play as this will dictate the various identities of people from various religions. Therefore, people will have different identities in that they will identify themselves with various religions, which will determine who they see themselves as. This means that people will identify themselves as Christians, Muslims, Hindus or any other follower. This lays a divide in how people identify one another as they will have different beliefs that they follow. Religion is also known to challenge the concept of citizenship as both will have different laws depending on the majority religion in the country. There are Muslim nations, Christian ones and so on, and this means that different countries will have a majority religion f ollowing implying that the religion of the majority will be the one used to form most rules in the country. The laws of the country will be used by citizens, and this forms the basis of citizenship, but religion will also have a role to play in governing how people relate and their way of life. There are situations where the laws of the land are not in line with those of citizenship, and this implies that there will be a clash between the two; hence, there is a dilemma on what should be followed. For example, there might be a conflict on what a Christian, who is a citizen of a Muslim country, should do in matters that relate

Are the documentary filmmakers trying to persuade you of a certain Assignment

Are the documentary filmmakers trying to persuade you of a certain point of view - Assignment Example This power to persuade comes from the fact that documentaries deal with raw reality and in doing so, it becomes more convincing and powerful in many ways. It is not the camera as a passive recording device, but the man behind the camera, with his particular likes and dislikes that makes us attracted to a piece of documentary. From the very beginning, there were distinctly two types of filmmaking. The first one tries to portray the film as a tool of magic, in which we see what is possibly not seen in real life. A larger than life, magical representation. This method was pioneered by George Melies (1861-1938). The second one portrayed film as a capturing device that captures time in the form of image and sound. It captures reality as reality itself. This method was pioneered by Lumiere Brothers (Auguste Lumiere-1862-1954 and Jean Lumiere- 1864-1948). Thus Lumiere Brothers can be considered to be the father of documentary filmmaking. In the documentary mode of filmmaking, the man behind the camera captures the elements inside his frame, but at the same time, he is excluding most of the reality and portraying only a small portion of it. This very act of elimination gives the documentary filmmaker his particular power to emote, persuade and sometimes even provoke. By editing the film, the maker constantly persuades the audience to go through a recording of a series of events in a particular time sequence. We must remember that the very invention of film is based on the fact that somebody wanted to document motion in pictures and this gave rise to the motion picture or film. The very first piece of film by Lumiere Brothers is called: â€Å"Workers leaving the Lumiere Factory†. It was screened on 22nd March, 1895. It was a documentary footage of the workers leaving a factory after work. This film presented to the world the idea that reality can be captured and played back by the device of cinematography. The term ‘documentary’ was first used by Joh n Grierson in 1926. He was writing review for Robert Flaherty’s film â€Å"Moana†. He wrote that the film had ‘documentary’ value. Thus from the very beginning ‘documentary’ meant a very specific type of film. The propagandist approach can be seen from very early approaches like Dziga Vertov’s â€Å"Kino Pravda† (literally means cinematic truth) newsreel series. Vertov believed that a certain sequence of shots taken from samples of real life, will create a meaning, not observable by the naked eye. Thus by interpolating shots and inter-titles, he tried to etch meaning out of seemingly normal life. In the Nazi propagandist films during the time period between two World Wars, like Leni Reifenstahl’s â€Å"Triumph of the Will† (1935) we see groundbreaking techniques of aerial photography, camera movement, wide-angle lenses and coupled with that a fantastic use of music to create movement and rhythm. It contained excerpt s from speeches delivered by various Nazi leaders including Hitler, interspersed with footages of the gathering of about 70 million Nazi supporters. The film actually tried to portray a vision which was envisioned by Hitler: Germany as a great power having Hitler as its great leader. Thus over the ages we have noticed a tendency in filmmakers to make films where truth is portrayed in a peculiarly forceful manner. The film â€Å"Who Killed Vincent Chin† directed by Christine Choy and Renee Tajima-Pena begins with the testimony of the stripper Starlene who was

Cuban missel crisis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Cuban missel crisis - Essay Example However the Soviet Union did not posses arms capable enough of striking targets in United States; the Soviet missiles could only reach targets in Europe. Considering this, the Soviet Leadership under Nikita Khrushchev decided to deploy nuclear arsenals in Cuba, a country where the Soviets had great influence and which was a major threat to the United States in the region. The idea behind the decision was to bring United States in striking range of Soviet missiles and it was conceived to act as a detterent against any potential attack by the United States on the Soviet territory. Fidel Castro, the Cuban dictator wanted the Soviet Union to help him out for saving his regime because ever since the failed Bay of Pigs invasion in 1961, Castro was feeling that a second attack was imminent. Threat from United States made Castro to approve and support the Soviet Union’s program of deploying the Soviet nuclear arms in Cuba. After the formal approvals from the Cuban government and autho rities, the Soviet army took practical steps to deploy the missiles in Cuba and during the summer of 1962 the missile installations were built in Cuba (Schier). The actual crisis began when reconnaissance photographs revealed that the Soviets were construction missile base in Cuba. President John Kennedy took immediate action and formed a committee of his twelve most important advisors for solving the crisis. After long deliberations and debates among the governmental departments and authorities, it was decided that a naval quarantine will be imposed around Cuba for preventing the Russian missiles from reaching Cuba (Hilsman). After the establishment of the quarantine, the President addressed the public and informed the nation about the missile installations. He also warned the Soviet leadership about the possible consequences of any sort of armed aggression against the United States. He said that any attack launched from Cuba will be considered as an attack on the United States: â €Å"It shall be the policy of this nation to regard any nuclear missile launched from Cuba against any nation in the Western Hemisphere as an attack on the United States, requiring a full retaliatory response upon Soviet Union†¦ I call upon Chairman Khrushchev to halt and eliminate this clandestine, reckless and provocative threat to world peace and to stable relations between our two nations. I call upon him further to abandon this course of world domination, and to join in a historic effort to end the perilous arms race and to transform the history of man. He has an opportunity now to move the world back from the abyss of destruction by returning to his government’s own words that it had no need to station missiles outside its own territory, and withdrawing these weapons from Cuba.† The tensions gradually built up as the Soviets showed little flexibility in their stance of deploying missiles in Cuba. A letter was received from Khrushchev calling for a guarantee from US not to attack Cuba, later the Soviet leader demanded the removal of United States missiles from Turkey in return of removal of missiles from Cuba. After the US agreed to issue a guarantee that it will not invade Cuba the tensions began to ease out and the Soviet leade

Law & Ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Law & Ethics - Essay Example Before any nurse, whether enrolled or registered can do anything to another person, there are some legal requirements that they need to understand. The first legal issue is consent. Consent refers to permission to do something. Before a nurse does anything to another person or a patient, it is a legal requirement that the other party or patient agrees and gives permission for such an act to be carried out (Larson, 2003). When the nurse does something against the will of the patient, it is considered to be coercion. More often, a dilemma arises when the patient refuses care that the nurse thinks is necessary. However, in such situations, the nursing guidelines indicate that it is still important to get consent from the patient. In other situations where the patient may be mentally incapacitated, the family or the guardians may give the consent on behalf of the patient. Restrain is the other legal requirement and is greatly related to consent (Engberg et al, 2008). Restraint is any action or device that is designed or intended to prevent free movement of body parts. Some patients require restraint in cases where it may be deemed necessary, such as when the patient gets violent. However, there is a relation between restrain and patient consent. Before the patient is restrained by the nurse using any device or technique, due consideration and consent of the patient must be taken into account. In the Case Study, Mrs. Davis verbally objects to being restrained. Despite this, the registered nurse goes ahead to restrain the patient against her will. This is against the nursing and service delivery guidelines. As a result of the act, Mrs. Davis falls and suffers injuries that later lead to her death. This again leads to another legal issue that relates to patient care. This other legal issue is battery. Battery occurs when physical harm results due to negligence or unprofessionalism on the side of the care

Research on alcoholic beverages Essay Example for Free

Research on alcoholic beverages Essay In this research document I am going to discuss a couple of things concerning the packaging and marketing of alcoholic beverages, then I am going to discuss the target audience of the alcohol industry. there are many rules concerning the packaging and marketing of alcohol in South-Africa, this is due to the fact that we have a lot of car accidents and acts of violence connected to the consumption as evident in the Gauteng liquor policy. According to euromonitor.com the biggest trend at this stage in South Africa is Sustainability not only among manufactures but also among consumers more and more people are becoming more environmentally aware, and this leads to innovation of packaging solutions for the future. Another notable thing that is mentioned on euromonitor. com is that there is more detailed segmentation of international and locally produced products are being applied , stimulating our economic growth in the local alcohol industry. According to ttb. gov the only requirements for the packaging of alcohol in south africa is that it should include the name of the product where it was made and special instructions and warnings and as far as the rest of my research shows it is also a requirement to state on the product that it is not for sale to persons under the age of 18 accept for that there seems to be little constraints concerning the packaging of alcohol. Packaging of products that we produce in south africa sometimes has to relate to international standards due to the fact that we want to export our products but when it comes to advertising alcoholic drinks in south africa there is a couple of things I have to mention. According to the Gauteng liquor policy advertising alcohol increases the amount of alcohol consumed this is a hot debate at this current moment as there are people contesting against the current laws (Gauteng liquor policy, (2011) [pdf]. This shows that the rules regarding advertisement of alcoholic beverages will increase with time, keeping that in mind can be useful in the future regarding the marketing plans that companies that produce alcoholic beverages set up for the future. According to an article the cost of harmful alcohol abuse in South-Africa; harmful alcohol use is very high in south africa and its stated that it is one of the main risk factors for poor health in South-Africa (http://www. ara. co. za) The target audience for alcoholic beverages is all people that are older than 18 due to law restrictions, the majority of adult do consume alcohol and thus the target audience is quite big the income level of the consumers of alcohol is very diverse but when it comes to specialized products like craft beer for instance the market is much more directed at the upper class, where there is cheaper alternatives for lower income classes. The target audience of alcohol is dependent on the personality of the brand due to the fact that consumers relate to brands and make their choices according to how they would like to portray themselves amongst other individuals. According to Craig Berman the people that drink the most are young men and he also states that men tend to drink more than woman, this is why so manny of the existing companies directly target younger men. (C. Berman 2012 chron . com) Sports fans are also a great target for the alcohol industry due to the fact that men and woman enjoy drinking whilst being entertained by sporting events. The alcohol industry is known for advertising by sponsoring sporting events sport teams and so forth, and in some cases the fans of sponsored teams are just as big fans of the alcohol brand that sponsors their team. So in conclusion the Target audience for alcohol is quite a wide group of individuals but mostly consists out of younger men aged between 18 and 49 and sports fans are also a big hit , the regulations in south africa concerning he packaging is not too strict but one still has to comply to some rules concerning warnings and so forth, the market is very specific and very segmented into various target audiences and lastly the biggest trend in South-Africas alcohol industry is focusing on sustainability . Reference list Craig Berman http://smallbusiness. chron. com/largest-target-markets-alcohol-advertising-66914. html http://www. ttb. gov/itd/southafrica. shtml http://www. euromonitor. com/alcoholic-drinks-packaging-in-south-africa/report http://www. ara. co. za/industry-tips/code-of-conduct http://www. ara. co. za/uploads/ban-on-alcohol-advertising/economic-impact-of-an-adban_econometrix_ara_chapter3. pdf.

Internal Auditors Report On Goodner Brothers

Internal Auditors Report On Goodner Brothers Internal Auditors Report on Goodner Brothers Inc 1.0 Internal Control is a system of checking balances and it is designed to provide a reasonable assurance that assets are protected. Then, accounting data must be accurate according to the information of accounting. Operations should be efficient and also law and policies are compiled with. For this company (Goodners Brothers), We noted that weaknesses in internal control of this company make employee of this company, Woody Robinson was in serious financial trouble. So, the employee took advantage of his companys weak internal controls by stealing a large of inventory, which employee then sold to other parties. We identify that the act of Woody Robinson was a form of major fraud. However, We have stated below that the main key internal control objectives for Goodners Huntington sales office. We also stated that the key internal control weaknesses and its implication that were evident in Huntington units operations and control policies or procedures to alleviate the key internal cont rol weaknesses. On the other hand, We also stated that other parties besides Woody Robinson who partially responsible for inventory losses in the company together with few fraud risk management strategy that could be implemented by this company. 2.0 From this case, we have found that Sales Representative(Woody Robinson) in Goodners Huntington sales office took as an advantage of Goodner Brothers Inc weak in internal controls by stealing a large amount of inventory. So, We believe that this are the following key internal control objectives should be maintain in Goodners Huntington sales office. Firstly, Sales offices staff need to ensure that the every transaction should have a proper authorization to prevent this kind of fraudulent use of resources. For example, Sales offices staff should get the approval from the management or manager for very transactions. By apply this first objective, the shortages of inventory can be minimized and makes all the transactions going very smoothly. Secondly, Physical safeguards and security should have been the key internal control objectives. For example, sales offices staff need to ensure that access to physical assets and information systems need to be controlled and properly restricted to authorized personnel. On the other hand, validity also should have been the key internal control objective. So, sales offices staff need to ensure that all recorded transactions fairly need to be represent the economics events that actually occurred and also should be executed in accordance with managements general authorization. Next, Error in handling also should have been the key internal control objective. So, sales offices staff need to ensure that whatever errors detected at any stage of processing receive prompt corrective action and also should reported to the appropriate level of management. Next, Completeness also should have been the key internal control objective. So, sales offices staff need to ensure that no valid transactions should have been omitted from the inventory records. This five objectives that we stated overall can minimum the bad debts. Furthermore, good control can minimized or maintain of the inventory records. 2.1 On the other hand, we have identify the key internal control weaknesses and that were evident in the Huntington units operations. Firstly, there is lack of sufficient workers in the company to perform the much needed various task because we identify that the company have 14 sales outlets with skeletal crews of 10 to 12 employees. Then, a sales manager supervised the other employees at each outlet and also working a sales district. The remaining staff typically included two sales representative. Furthermore, a receptionist who having double job as a secretary and also as a bookkeeper and seven employees who delivering the tires and working in the units inventory warehouse. So, this shows clearly that one of the major key internal control weaknesses is insufficient of workers is working in the company. Next, another key internal control weaknesses in the Huntington units operations is the failure to coordinate an up-to-date accounting system used to provide an actual or accurate ac count of inventory because we was identify that each goodner sales outlet maintaining a computerized accounting system. These systems also typically made according to a standardized format and not develop for specialized for the company. These systems is ready made. Beside this, we also found that the units sales manager and two representatives had unrestricted access to the accounting system. So, since the large volume of sales and purchase transactions always swamped the bookkeeper . Then, sales representatives also frequently entered transactions directly into system. Furthermore, another key internal control weaknesses in the Huntington units operations is the lack of security needed to safeguard the assets sold. Company failure to restricted the security. We have identify that the sales representative (Woody Robinson) taking an advantage and routinely stole the inventory and kept the proceeds. Woody Robinson also continuing stole in various ways. In some cases, Woody Robinson c harged merchandise that he was sold for his own benefit to the accounts of large volume customers. So, this techniques makes inventory balance in the Huntington facilitys accounting records. We also identify that Woody Robinson charged the customers for merchandise they had not purchase. Goodners customers frequently returned tires for various reasons. We found that Woody Robinson completed all the credit memos for sales transactions voided by his customers and at the same time, Woody Robinson not returning the tires to Goodners inventory. Then, Woody Robinson also routinely sell some of the tires to other customers for cash. So, because of company lack of security needs to safeguard the assets sold. This makes the quantity of stealing tires made Woody Robinson was increasing very high. Next, another key internal control weaknesses in the Huntington units operations is the company failure to make sure that all the accounting information was correct or not. We have identify that the sales representative themselves routinely accessed, reviewed and updated their customers account and also completing purchase orders. Sales orders, credit memos and other accounting document on the timely basis, Furthermore, the sales representative passed all the documents on to the bookkeeper and also use them to enter the transactions directly into the accounting system. We also have identify that sales representative had direct access to the inventory storage areas and during heavy sales periods, sales representative always loaded and delivered customers orders themselves. So, this makes easily errors occurred in the accounting information. So, we have stated those key internal control weaknesses and its implication with the evident in the Huntington units operations. 2.2 This are the following control policies or procedures to alleviate the key internal control weaknesses . Firstly, Proper authorization of transactions. Creating and using budgets is a form of authorization. This makes easier for Huntington units operations. The purchase of goods and services should be requested by one person and approved by another. Individuals that handle cash should be bonded. Secondly , another policies or procedures is Segregation of duties. This includes assigning different people the responsibilities of authorizing transactions, recording transactions, and maintaining custody of assets. The person collecting cash should not be the person who records the cash receipt. If there is enough staff, a rotation of duties can eliminate employee manipulation of records or assets. The approval of purchases should not be made by the person who has access to the checks. Furthermore, another policies or procedures is design and use of adequate documents and records to help ensure the proper recording of transactions and events. Sales representative should always pre- numbered checks, receipts and purchase orders should be used and sequence should be accounted. Then, cancelled checks, vouchers, and receipts should be maintained. Voucher packages (invoices, purchase orders and receiving reports) should be cancelled (stamped paid) after payment to prevent duplicate payments. The invoices should be matched to receiving reports and receiving reports should be matched to purchase orders to ensure that sales representative received, ordered and only pay for what we received. At the same time, journals should be kept for all transactions. Next, another policies or procedures is adequate safeguards regarding access to and use of assets a nd records. Then, access to blank checks, signature plates, and purchase orders should be restricted. Computers should have passwords to access and change information and working area also should be visible to supervisors. However, voided checks should be defaced by tearing the signature line off or writing void on the face of the check and also all voided checks should be maintained. If the company apply all those policies or procedures that we stated. The weaknesses of key internal control will be improved. 2.3 Furthermore, We also identify that besides Woody Robinson, there is few parties were partially responsible for inventory losses goodners suffered. Customers is one of the parties responsible for inventory losses because when customers complained to Woody Robinson for being charged for merchandise they had not purchased, Woody Robinson usually apologized and corrected their account balances but if some of the customers sometimes paid the illicit charges, so this shows that customers unknowingly helped Woody Robinson sustain his fraudulent scheme. Next, We identify that Felix Garcia, the Huntington sales manager is also one of the parties that responsible for inventory losses because Felix Garcia stated that he was not discussed the customers complaints with Woody Robinson or the sales representative. Normally, when Felix Garcia received a customer complaint, he just simply passed it to the appropriate sales representative and was allowed that individual to deal with the matters. F urthermore, We also found that Felix Garcia maintain a file of customer complaints only because he was told to do so by the previous sales manager whom was replaced three years earlier. So, We found that previous sales manager also partially responsible for inventory losses. Next, Al Hunt is owner of Curcio tires and also Woody Robinsons friend is also one of the parties responsible inventory losses because Al Hunt just continue purchase the tires even though another sales representative told that the company only sold closeout merchandise directly to wholesalers. Al Hunt also know that Woody Robinson was incredibly selling the tires at lower price. This shows that Al Hunt really responsible for inventory losses. We also identify that Al Hunt one of the major parties among the other parties who responsible for inventory losses. 2.4 However, there is a various forms of fraud risk management strategy that could be implemented by Goodners Brothers Inc. One of the fraud risk management strategy is communication and training. So, raising employees awareness of their obligations concerning fraud and misconduct control begins with communications and training. While many organisations take an approach, careful planning behind this effort can help send employees a clear message to take their control responsibilities seriously. Secondly, another fraud risk management strategy is audit and monitoring. Because since it is impossible to monitor every fraud and potential misconduct risk, management should develop a comprehensive auditing and monitoring plan that is based on the organizations fraud risk assessment process. Then, another fraud risk management strategy is employee and third-party due diligence. An important part of an effective fraud and misconduct prevention strategy is using appropriate due diligence in t he hiring, retention and promotion of employees, agents, vendors and other third parties. Such due diligence becomes especially important for those employees with authority over the financial reporting process. Furthermore, another fraud risk management is code of conduct. That is actually a well -written code of conduct is one of the most important mechanisms to communicate with employees about acceptable business standards. It sets the organizations tone on control culture, raises awareness of managements commitment to integrity and provides the resources to help employees achieve managements compliance goals. All those fraud risk management strategy that we stated that could implemented by Goodner Brothers Inc. 3.0 Finally, we come with conclusion that the management or the board of this company is mainly responsible for the design of internal control and conveying to staff their internal control responsibilities. Peoples is the one who make internal controls work. Everyone in the company plays an important role. As problems are noted, staffs should be communicated, so that adjustments or corrections can be made. There is few benefits of internal control mainly for employees is actually to help prevent errors and irregularities from occurring. If they do occur, Internal controls will help ensure they are detected in timely manner. By this report, we believed that the board of Goodner Brothers Inc is should be able to overcome the internal control weaknesses. It makes the fraudulent in the company will be reduced and particularly Huntington sales office can be maintained or sustained consistently ranked as Goodners second or third most profitable sales outlet.

Prejudice and Racism - Home Ownership in A Raisin in the Sun and in Ame

The Black’s Quest for a Home Ownership in A Raisin in the Sun and in America    In the famous 1959 "kitchen debate" with Russian premier Nikita Khrushchev, Richard Nixon asserted the American Dream of homeownership was available to all Americans regardless of class, race, or any other social constraint. For Nixon, this claim was proof of America's dominance over Russia-of democracy's superiority over communism. Nixon, however, greatly exaggerated the availability of homeownership; owning a home in the suburbs was not an option for all Americans, particularly African Americans. Government subsidies, which were so important in making homes affordable, were not extended to blacks. Furthermore, suburban communities around the country sought to keep their neighborhoods segregated by prohibiting blacks from buying homes through "restrictive covenants." William Levitt, whose Levittown communities symbolized postwar prosperity and the American Dream, would not sell homes to blacks until the government mandated him to integrate in the late 1950s. And the black fami lies who were then successful in attaining a home in the suburbs risked constant threats and violence from their white neighbors who feared, among other issues, that their property values would decrease and their communities would decay. In her 1958 play A Raisin in the Sun, Lorraine Hansberry tackled these issues before they had fully exploded into the American conscience. Her play reveals the fears and restraints, which kept many blacks from achieving the 1950's American Dream.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The dominant theme in A Raisin in the Sun is the quest for home ownership. The play is about a black family living in the Southside of Chicago-a poverty-stricken, African Ame... ...58. Jackson, Kenneth. The Crabgrass Frontier: The Suburbanization of the United States. New York. Oxford University Press, 1985. Lemann, Nicholas. The Promised Land.   New York.   Vintage Books, 1991. Marling, Karal Ann.   As Seen on TV.   Cambridge. Harvard University Press, 1994. May, Elaine Tyler. Homeward Bound. New York. Basic Books, 1988. Patterson, James T.   Grand Expectations: The United States, 1945-1974. New York. Oxford University Press,1996. Riesman, David. The Lonely Crowd.   New Haven. Yale University Press, 1961. Rose, Jerry D. The Lonely Crowd: A Critical Commentary.   New York. Americn R.D. Corporation, 1965. Rosenberg, Rosalind. Divided Lives: American Women in the Twentieth Century. New York. Hill and Wang, 1992. Segrue, Thomas J. The Origins of the Urban Crisis. Princeton, New Jersey. Princeton University Press, 1996.

Abc Book :: Free Essay Writer

ABC Book Agatha Christie, the author of "And then there were None" is called the Queen of Mystery by those who have read her books. In addition to, "And then there were None", Agatha Christie has written many books, which include "ABC Murders", "Body in the Library", Easy to Kill" and "Towards Zero". Brent, the family name of Emily, the 65 year old daughter of a Colonel, and definitely not happy with the way the world is going now. She liked every thing as it was 45 years ago, when children did what their parents told them to and when everyone respected their elders, but now †¦.. Coroner's inquest having turned her life upside down, Vera Claythorne has had tough luck so far in her life. She does not have a lot of money, and has had trouble finding a job after the inquest. Even though she had been acquitted, people still look at her funny when she walks down the street. Doctor Armstrong, a former doctor who likes time to think. Whenever he thinks about the past one of the first things to pop into his mind is the fact alcohol ruined his life. If only he hadn't had a couple of drinks before operating on his patient, he might not have accidentally killed him. Everyone was dead when the police got to the Island. Nobody could figure out what happened. The police did not find any suicide notes and searched the island a couple of times. The police found no-one in hiding and were left open- mouthed and clueless. Fred Narracott was the boatman who took everyone to the island on his boat. As he told the police, as far as he knew he was the only one who had taken anyone over to the Island. General Macarthur, loved war and was disappointed when he had to stop fighting on the battle grounds. War was his life. He loved the smell, the sounds and the feel of battle. In fact he craved to kill again. Helpless, the guests on the island were prey to the killer, they couldn't get off the island because there was no boat. Hiding was out of the question due to the bad storm, and they did not know who the killer was, so everyone was under suspicion. Indian Island was purchased under the name U.N. Owen and nobody knew who it was. All the tabloids were saying royalty had bought the island or some eccentric millionaire, but nobody really knew who it was. Justice Wargrave, was a judge. You could say he was a murderer, even though he Abc Book :: Free Essay Writer ABC Book Agatha Christie, the author of "And then there were None" is called the Queen of Mystery by those who have read her books. In addition to, "And then there were None", Agatha Christie has written many books, which include "ABC Murders", "Body in the Library", Easy to Kill" and "Towards Zero". Brent, the family name of Emily, the 65 year old daughter of a Colonel, and definitely not happy with the way the world is going now. She liked every thing as it was 45 years ago, when children did what their parents told them to and when everyone respected their elders, but now †¦.. Coroner's inquest having turned her life upside down, Vera Claythorne has had tough luck so far in her life. She does not have a lot of money, and has had trouble finding a job after the inquest. Even though she had been acquitted, people still look at her funny when she walks down the street. Doctor Armstrong, a former doctor who likes time to think. Whenever he thinks about the past one of the first things to pop into his mind is the fact alcohol ruined his life. If only he hadn't had a couple of drinks before operating on his patient, he might not have accidentally killed him. Everyone was dead when the police got to the Island. Nobody could figure out what happened. The police did not find any suicide notes and searched the island a couple of times. The police found no-one in hiding and were left open- mouthed and clueless. Fred Narracott was the boatman who took everyone to the island on his boat. As he told the police, as far as he knew he was the only one who had taken anyone over to the Island. General Macarthur, loved war and was disappointed when he had to stop fighting on the battle grounds. War was his life. He loved the smell, the sounds and the feel of battle. In fact he craved to kill again. Helpless, the guests on the island were prey to the killer, they couldn't get off the island because there was no boat. Hiding was out of the question due to the bad storm, and they did not know who the killer was, so everyone was under suspicion. Indian Island was purchased under the name U.N. Owen and nobody knew who it was. All the tabloids were saying royalty had bought the island or some eccentric millionaire, but nobody really knew who it was. Justice Wargrave, was a judge. You could say he was a murderer, even though he

J.B.Priestley’s play, An Inspector Calls :: English Literature

An inspector calls is a play written by J.B Priestley in 1945. However, the play is set in 1912. The main themes of the play are lies, love, guilt, pride, status and responsibility. An inspector calls is a play written by J.B Priestley in 1945. However, the play is set in 1912. The main themes of the play are lies, love, guilt, pride, status and responsibility. This play was set in 1912 because it gave the audience a more dramatic impression of the rapport between the rich and the poor. Throughout the play, we can see that Priestley is a socialist. The audience knows that the message he is trying to put across is that we are a community and responsible for each other. We also know that the predictions Birling makes at the beginning of the play seemed to fail. He says, â€Å"†¦you’ll hear some people say that war’s inevitable. And to that I say-fiddlesticks!† which means that he thought there wasn’t going to be a war. This prediction failed because the World War I happened in 1914. This let down Mr. Birling's certainty. Another example in which Mr. Birling's predictions failed was when he said, â€Å"the Titanic †¦unsinkable, absolutely unsinkable.† We all know that the Titanic did sink and proved him erroneous again. An impressive contrast between the young and old generation is shown in the play aswell. We can see that after the so-called inspector left, the younger people such as Sheila's perspective about society changed whereas the older people such as Birling's didn’t. The character of Arthur Birling in the play is that of a very shrewd, selfish and hard-headed businessman. He has very defined views on life and other people. For example, he says, â€Å"†¦if you don’t come down sharply on these people, they’d soon be asking for the earth.† Mr. Birling is extremely self-centred and he feels that he has nothing to do with the community. We know this when he says things like, â€Å"a man has to mind his own business and look after himself and his own.† The repetition of the word â€Å"own† shows that he is too absorbed in himself. He isn’t even concerned about the workers in his factory leave alone the society. We know this because he says, â€Å"we were paying the usual rates and if they didn’t like those rates, they could go work somewhere else.† All through the play we can see that the character of Birling completely opposes the character of the so-called inspector Goole. Also, we can see that Priestley is a socialist and he portrays it through the character of the inspector. J.B.Priestley’s play, An Inspector Calls :: English Literature An inspector calls is a play written by J.B Priestley in 1945. However, the play is set in 1912. The main themes of the play are lies, love, guilt, pride, status and responsibility. An inspector calls is a play written by J.B Priestley in 1945. However, the play is set in 1912. The main themes of the play are lies, love, guilt, pride, status and responsibility. This play was set in 1912 because it gave the audience a more dramatic impression of the rapport between the rich and the poor. Throughout the play, we can see that Priestley is a socialist. The audience knows that the message he is trying to put across is that we are a community and responsible for each other. We also know that the predictions Birling makes at the beginning of the play seemed to fail. He says, â€Å"†¦you’ll hear some people say that war’s inevitable. And to that I say-fiddlesticks!† which means that he thought there wasn’t going to be a war. This prediction failed because the World War I happened in 1914. This let down Mr. Birling's certainty. Another example in which Mr. Birling's predictions failed was when he said, â€Å"the Titanic †¦unsinkable, absolutely unsinkable.† We all know that the Titanic did sink and proved him erroneous again. An impressive contrast between the young and old generation is shown in the play aswell. We can see that after the so-called inspector left, the younger people such as Sheila's perspective about society changed whereas the older people such as Birling's didn’t. The character of Arthur Birling in the play is that of a very shrewd, selfish and hard-headed businessman. He has very defined views on life and other people. For example, he says, â€Å"†¦if you don’t come down sharply on these people, they’d soon be asking for the earth.† Mr. Birling is extremely self-centred and he feels that he has nothing to do with the community. We know this when he says things like, â€Å"a man has to mind his own business and look after himself and his own.† The repetition of the word â€Å"own† shows that he is too absorbed in himself. He isn’t even concerned about the workers in his factory leave alone the society. We know this because he says, â€Å"we were paying the usual rates and if they didn’t like those rates, they could go work somewhere else.† All through the play we can see that the character of Birling completely opposes the character of the so-called inspector Goole. Also, we can see that Priestley is a socialist and he portrays it through the character of the inspector.

Congestion Charging Essay

Resolving London’s transport problems was the highest priority of the Mayor of London, Ken Livingstone. His goal was to create a world-class transport system that would improve business efficiency, supports greater economic prosperity and improves the quality of life for every one living in London or visiting London. The Mayor’s transport strategy, which was published on 10 July 2001, it had ten key priorities: * Reducing traffic congestion; * Rising money for underground investment; * Rising money for radical improvements to bus services across London; * Better integration of the National Rail system with London’s other transport systems; * Increasing the capacity of London’s transport system; * Improving journey time reliability for car users; * Supporting local transport initiatives; * Making the distribution of goods and services in London more reliable and efficient; * Improving the accessibility of London’s transport system; * Bringing forward new integration initiatives. What is Congestion Charges? * Congestion charging is a way of ensuring that those using valuable and crowded road space make a financial contribution. * It encourages the use of other modes of transport and is also intended to ensure that, for those who have to use the roads, journey times are quicker and more reliable. * This scheme requires drivers to pay à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½5 per day if they wish to continue driving in central London. Tube station Wide line – zone ring road Jam Cam – see what the traffic is like Charging zone area Parking Train station River services This map shows all the areas that are affected by congestion charges. By looking at the map you can see all of central London zone 1 and zone 2 has being affected, so anyone living within that area would have to pay the congestion charge to travel to their local area or outside the congestion zones. Advantage and disadvantage of congestion charging Advantage * Reduce congestion * Reduce through traffic * Further encourage use of public transport in central London * Benefit business efficiency by speeding up the movement of goods and people * Create a better environment for walking and cycling Disadvantage o Traffic may increase on orbital routes by up to 5% o Traffic would be reduced on radial routes by 5 – 10% o Overall reduction in traffic by 1 – 2% o London scheme could simply make traffic worse elsewhere o Will hit disadvantaged hardest o The scheme had no pilot scheme to test the effectiveness of congestion charges o It will take months to establish whether it is a success Conclusion Congetion charges has it adavantages and disavantages an asthmatic would would totally spport congestion charges, as pollution caused by cars is a factor of asthame. It is also a class question. Those who can afford to have moved, those who can’t have to stay and choke. If congestion charges give them and thier families a chance to breathe then I would fully support it. However, they need to be part of a plan aimed at enhancing the environment and improving the quality of life. This could include cheaper public transport and improvements in its quality, safety and reliability; more nurseries and play schools nearer to where people live, more on-line shopping, local markets and food co-ops, reduced hours with no loss of pay; repopulating city centres and the countryside, more home working and home schooling; a guaranteed income to give parents the option of being full time carers; offering those willing to give up their car free bikes or public transport. But there is also an agrument about Who is prepared to pay à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½10 a day, à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½50 a week, or à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½3,500 a year for congestion charging and à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½2,000 for workplace parking–which is à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½6,000 of taxed income–for the privilege of bringing their car into London? It is the riche man ie stockborker, banker, law ect who wants to come in from Surbiton to the City of London. Their would not mind the charges. thier puts them down to they companies and it pays the à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½5,000 or à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½10,000 a year. â€Å"Who cares anyway†? He will just say, â€Å"That’s great, thank you very much.† I believe It is a fat cats charter. What about people on a low wage, old people, young mothers who are dependent on their motor car not only in London but throughout the nation? To those people, à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½5,000 or à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½10,000 a year is a lot. What I want to know is this. What consultations has the Labour party had with groups of disabled people? What consultations has it had with the unions in regard to low wage earners? What consultations has it had with old people–people who need their motor cars, and who will be taxed off the road if the charges are to work? If the Government say that is not their intention, and that such people will not be taxed off the road, I put it to them that there is no chance that their congestion charge will work. It is certain that the fat cats will not be taxed off the road. If the Government find a way of allowing housewives, young mothers, disabled people or members of the other categories to stay on the road, the amount of congestion will not be reduced, and all that we shall have is a revenue raiser for the mayor.

Community Observation Paper Essay

I. What was observed during the experience? I work at an online (virtual) public school. Every year we have what we call â€Å"Fun Day† or â€Å"Field Day† for most schools. We held this event, all students invited, at a local park in my hometown. I got to volunteer to help with it. We were there for about 7 hours. (Our team worked at the information table.) It happened to rain hard that day without stopping, so we had to move everything into the park’s gym, so it was pretty crowded! We had people from all parts of our state there: rich people, poor people, white, black, Asian, etc. Being on an online school, sometimes you feel like you are alone and there is hardly any interaction, but in watching these children, you would never know. They played with each other; they talked, and hung out in â€Å"their† groups. Oh, the cliques! You would not think that would be so in a virtual school, but it was. There were a few groups of outsiders that came with their family and kind of stuck with them or stuck with the friends they had made online. I noticed a few poor families, but to be honest, they seemed to have the most fun. We had an issue with the face painting station. There were so many children that wanted their face painted. There was this girl that never got a number to get her face painted. (We had to do that because there were so many kids!) Her mom cussed out one of the ladies that was helping with the table because her daughter â€Å"traveled all the way from Charleston to get her face painted.† I thought, wow, public schools are bad in teaching kids certain things, but it could be even worse teaching kids at home when parents act like that. What kind of things are these parents teaching? It’s almost like sports when parents get so worked up over a game. It was just a face painting. Sometimes life is not fair. Other than that issue, many of the children were really glad to see each other and also meet the teachers. Many of them only see them via a â€Å"Skype†-like program called Live Lesson and only have contact with them through the phone and webmail. Some were very shy in meeting their teachers and some were really excited. II. How did the experience affect you? This was my first â€Å"big† experience at that school because this is a new job for me. The whole experience is new for me. I have never worked at a school and definitely did not even know there were online â€Å"public† schools. It’s hard to get to know the children and the parents especially as an administrator. I felt more like an outsider than the kids and the teachers did, I’m sure. This experience affected me in the way that our youth needs us so very badly right now. Our economy is horrible, our government is corrupt, and some of the parents that I observed are not any better. I know that I wasn’t in a private Christian school environment, but I remember when I was in public school and morals were getting worse and there were issues with the kids and their families. It is so much worse than it ever was then. It broke my heart to see some of those kids hurting. One family in particular was brought to my attention. A man I had seen at a few other events, who has at least six kids, (we’ve counted and can’t figure out exactly how many he has) is at every event supporting his kids and always by himself. Later on I had found out that his wife had passed away and now he has all of the responsibility on him. This wasn’t a divorced man, but someone with a huge loss. His children seem so happy though and he is literally at every event with them! III. What are the needs of the population that you interacted with for this assignment? There are so many needs when you are dealing with a school full of different people with different backgrounds. There are some that need discipline—this includes parents—and all who need love. I overheard a child and teacher discussing tutoring. I am thankful that Liberty University offers tutoring, whereas our school is new and doesn’t have those options yet. Most public schools have guidance counselors, not only to help with placement, but for moral support, guidance, and advice. I remember going to my guidance counselors just to talk sometimes. We don’t have this ability yet at the school. I think that the kids and parents need more activities and field trips to help with interaction with other kids and the teachers. We have field trips and â€Å"learning experiences,† but there are not enough and not enough volunteers to help with them. Our state just approved a law to let public charter schools (virtual/online) get into public schools for extra-curricular activities, like band, chorus, basketball, football, tennis, soccer, volleyball, etc. I think that is a step in the right direction in aiding with interaction issues. IV. How can you help make a difference with this group? This question is somewhat hard to answer because I am an administrator and only typically deal with truancy issues (I’m the â€Å"bad† guy!), but to be honest, I could volunteer for some of the field trips and learning experiences. I know that would help because usually the issue is there are not enough volunteers for those events. I also thought of starting some groups, much like regular public schools have. Of course, that would be asking for more volunteers! It may take off because groups like that are fun. I was thinking about heading up two particular groups in which I would have experience, but ideas of course are welcome! I would love to do a Photography club or a Bible club. I believe that it would help the kids get to interact more with each other by bringing them together with a common interest. I should make myself more available to these types of things as I am really kind of shy compared to our teachers. I also believe that this would help teacher/parent—teacher/teacher relations as well. Children need interaction with other people and it helps their social skills. That is one thing that is lacking when you are homeschooled period. It is the job of the school, in my case, an online public school, to provide as many opportunities as possible to keep the kids busy and to make sure we edify, instruct, educate, accept, and train them well because they are our future and the most important part of our society, so we better do it well and do it right.

Eve Teasing

Eve Teasing: Law of the Land Now a day we often see the scenarios of eve teasing on the daily. It is being spread out from country side to country side day by day and it is being introduced to the new generation as regards eve teasing on and on. We see a statistics compiled by Bangladesh Women Council of last 10 months 3908 women have been oppressed and harassed in various ways. Of which, suicide case was 300. In addition, most all of these suicide events are involved with eve teasing. At present, school, college, university going girls are often being hunted of eve teasing on the street.It is to say, hunting of eve teasing of a girl is so general visible, just in its opposition the visible of penalty of eve teaser is rare. Learner or not learner such woman as well take mentally preparation before going out from their room for this that she would be teased on the path with slung languages or bad attitudes by vagabonds. ‘Eve teasing’ on the street is one such reflection o f the inner beast in men, women are subjected to this social evil irrespective what background they are from. The lexically meaning of teasing is to make fun of a person playfully or annoyingly.It is a euphemism used in the sub continent for sexual harassment or modesty of women by men, with eve being a reference to the biblical Eve. Namely, staying hither and thither or turning point of college going path, to make tease known or unknown girl, or make tone, comment or display abetment or throw slang language or attempt to capture photography by mobile phone etc is called eve teasing, which includes a small sexual harassment or rape. If there is no parent or guardian with any woman who will be hunted of eve teasing, we can say that definitely. Now think a bit, we can give hundred percent surety concerning eve teasing.But can we give one percent as to any positive deed? All suicides caused by eve teasing do not come to light on the news paper. In addition to last some years, Trisha, R umi, shimi, Sadia, Toshi such many unknown mothers-sisters have departed from this beau world. Question is here-why did they give their lives? Did they have no right to protest, move freely and live fairly? Definitely, they had said rights as per Article-11, 32 and 36 of Bangladesh Constitution which denote as fundamental rights to live in the society free and fairly. Think a bit, they are very our mothers-sister who are being hunted of eve teasing.Still today our mothers-sisters are being harassed throughout road, school, college, university even office-court and they are forbearing silently. But Allah says in the Holy Quran- Man is the protector of the Woman. The question is that, why do they keep silent. The answer is that, they have no might and no body to stand beside them. Nevertheless some so-called reformists talk concerning women’s rights. Here there is apprehension that they who talk regarding woman’s rights, infringe at first from their family. In the name o f woman’s rights or modern era they would like to bring out the on road and set up the western culture in this country.Someone claim that Islam dishonors woman and treat her as inferior and they have no equal position in society like man. Actually we are accustomed to make comment with such objection about woman’s position in Islam. Still Islam restrains and Islam gives her proper position in society and honors him having high respect as mother. Allah says â€Å" And their Lord has accepted (their prayer) and answered them(saying); â€Å"Never will I cause to be lost the work of any of you, be he male or female; you are members, one of another.. (3:105)†. Eve Teasing Eve Teasing: Law of the Land Now a day we often see the scenarios of eve teasing on the daily. It is being spread out from country side to country side day by day and it is being introduced to the new generation as regards eve teasing on and on. We see a statistics compiled by Bangladesh Women Council of last 10 months 3908 women have been oppressed and harassed in various ways. Of which, suicide case was 300. In addition, most all of these suicide events are involved with eve teasing. At present, school, college, university going girls are often being hunted of eve teasing on the street.It is to say, hunting of eve teasing of a girl is so general visible, just in its opposition the visible of penalty of eve teaser is rare. Learner or not learner such woman as well take mentally preparation before going out from their room for this that she would be teased on the path with slung languages or bad attitudes by vagabonds. ‘Eve teasing’ on the street is one such reflection o f the inner beast in men, women are subjected to this social evil irrespective what background they are from. The lexically meaning of teasing is to make fun of a person playfully or annoyingly.It is a euphemism used in the sub continent for sexual harassment or modesty of women by men, with eve being a reference to the biblical Eve. Namely, staying hither and thither or turning point of college going path, to make tease known or unknown girl, or make tone, comment or display abetment or throw slang language or attempt to capture photography by mobile phone etc is called eve teasing, which includes a small sexual harassment or rape. If there is no parent or guardian with any woman who will be hunted of eve teasing, we can say that definitely. Now think a bit, we can give hundred percent surety concerning eve teasing.But can we give one percent as to any positive deed? All suicides caused by eve teasing do not come to light on the news paper. In addition to last some years, Trisha, R umi, shimi, Sadia, Toshi such many unknown mothers-sisters have departed from this beau world. Question is here-why did they give their lives? Did they have no right to protest, move freely and live fairly? Definitely, they had said rights as per Article-11, 32 and 36 of Bangladesh Constitution which denote as fundamental rights to live in the society free and fairly. Think a bit, they are very our mothers-sister who are being hunted of eve teasing.Still today our mothers-sisters are being harassed throughout road, school, college, university even office-court and they are forbearing silently. But Allah says in the Holy Quran- Man is the protector of the Woman. The question is that, why do they keep silent. The answer is that, they have no might and no body to stand beside them. Nevertheless some so-called reformists talk concerning women’s rights. Here there is apprehension that they who talk regarding woman’s rights, infringe at first from their family. In the name o f woman’s rights or modern era they would like to bring out the on road and set up the western culture in this country.Someone claim that Islam dishonors woman and treat her as inferior and they have no equal position in society like man. Actually we are accustomed to make comment with such objection about woman’s position in Islam. Still Islam restrains and Islam gives her proper position in society and honors him having high respect as mother. Allah says â€Å" And their Lord has accepted (their prayer) and answered them(saying); â€Å"Never will I cause to be lost the work of any of you, be he male or female; you are members, one of another.. (3:105)†.

Internet and culture Essay

Introduction Technology affects culture in various ways. As the industrial revolution made its impact in Europe in the nineteenth century, the factory mode of production and assembly line operations had a significant impact on family structures. In the twentieth century the popularity of radio and television gave way to large scale broadcasting media that reached out to a large population. The post second world war era saw a proliferation of mass media shaped by new age advertising that attempted to create new markets, sometimes by determining people’s needs and sometimes by shaping their wants. This has been seen by many as a culture shaping mechanism that attempts to harmonize the entire world. One of the first models that studied this phenomenon is the Frankfurt School, which analyzed the processes of cultural production and political economy, the politics of cultural texts, and audience reception and use of cultural artifacts (Kellner 1989 and 1995). The Frankfurt school studied this trend in both the US and in Germany and was witness to the rise of modern media and a culture that evolved around the cinema, popular music, radio, television, and other forms of mass culture (Wiggershaus 1994). The Internet Revolution However the internet revolution that came on the heels of the collapse of the Berlin wall and the dismantling of the Soviet system, putting an end to the cold war unleashed other forces that would counter the unifying theme of global corporate controlled media. The Internet allowed people to access specific information, it made it possible for the ordinary person, cutting across digital divides to upload his or her won thought and through various websites, blogs and contributed material enabled a large amount of personalized information to be shared and debated. The forces of globalization coupled with individual thought and attitude made the internet a forum that could counter the uniformity that mass media was prone to develop. The future of the internet is one where larger communities develop of like minded individuals or of individuals who debate and discuss issues of their concern. The digital divide, thanks to cheaper broadband, is already dwindling and larger communities across the globe getting connected. The web, with its search engines and portals that carry loads of information, already is a seamless source of information that is easy to access and offers information for free. Email that developed along with the web is now something everyone uses and has brought back people in touch with each other without having to send slow snail mail or spend money in calling their contacts over the phone; Email will continue to be one of the most important tools on the web used by large populations for easy communication. Search engines have already developed to a large extent and the contribution of encyclopedia like Wikipedia to those wanting to share information and learn new things is already well documented. As Zittrain (2006) argues, â€Å"The most plausible path along which the Internet might develop is one that finds greater stability by imposing greater constraint on, if not outright elimination of, the capacity of upstart innovators to demonstrate and deploy their genius to large audiences. Financial transactions over such an Internet will be more trustworthy, but the range of its users’ business models will be narrow. † Conclusion However, what is yet uncertain is how this new technology shapes the future of culture in an international setting. Will it cause further stress as more people use the technology to spread terror, child abuse, sell spurious drugs over the net and indulge in petty financial fraud? Will it be an invasion of privacy as more and more personal information is stored in web pages across the net? Would it lose its current free flowing inclusive character and get regulated by various governments worried about the nature of the Internet that allows everyone to be the author and the reader at the same time? The future will answer these questions, but till then as we surf the web getting more and unique information, individual thoughts and insights, send email and blog, the power of this new technology captivates those of us who now spend hours on the net. REFERENCES †¢ Kellner, D (1989) Critical Theory, Marxism, and Modernity. Cambridge and Baltimore: Polity and John Hopkins University Press. †¢ Kellner, D. (1995) Media Culture. Cultural Studies, Identity, and Politics, Between the Modern and the Postmodern. London and New York: Routledge. †¢ Wiggershaus, R (1994), The Frankfurt School. Cambridge, UK: Polity Press. †¢ Zittrain, J. L. (2006) â€Å"The Generative Internet†. Harvard Law Review, Vol. 119. pp 1974 -2040. At http://www. harvardlawreview. org/issues/119/may06/zittrain. pdf. Last Accessed May 1, 2007.

Ecco Sets Store Chain Management Standards in Russia

24/11/12 GMCS – ECCO sets store chain management standards in Russia using Microsoft Dynamics AX for †¦ C urrent page U RL: http://w w w . gmcs. ru/en/press/new s/4447/index. php Print this page HOME / PRESS-CENTER / NEWS / ECCO SETS STORE CHAIN MANAGEMENT STANDARDS IN RUSSIA USING MICROSOFT DYNAMICS AX FOR RETAIL Events 19 July 2012 News ECCO-ROS, an exclusive distributor of Danish shoe brand ECCO in Russia deploys Microsoft Dynamics AX for Retail in order to come to a new quality level of customer service, improve management performance and develop the retail store chain.This project is unique because for the first time based on Microsoft Dynamics AX for Retail, a uniform solution for the automation of geographically dispersed chain of the ECCO stores in Russia will be made to replace intermediate cash accounting software that is currently being used. This will enable ECCO-ROS to reduce costs for operation of the systems and management of the company as a whole, optimiz e business processes in the retail stores, improve merchandise flow management, and improve reliability of information flows inside the chain.In addition, the distributor expects to increase sales for the account of the offered Microsoft Dynamics AX for Retail expanded opportunities for marketing activity management, and implementation of a new customer loyalty bonus system the deployment of which will be supported by the implemented system. â€Å"Activities of ECCO-ROS are based on the ECCO reference models and general management principles, including the key principles – innovativeness and manufacturability.These ideas also find reflection in management of the IT-infrastructure of our company. Today, we implement a non-trivial project in Russia, and we believe that the implementation experience will be of interest in the retail business†, says Sergei Prokhorov, IT-Director at ECCO-ROS. â€Å"For instance, one of the features of the implemented solution is that we wi ll get an opportunity for complete synchronization of the POS-terminal operations even in case of absence of communication or failures in the communication channels.It is an important criterion for retail business†. GMCS is a project partner, a winner of the competitive tender for the implementation of the project on the automation of the ECCO-ROS retail chain, which expertise in the field of retail is presented by successful projects for the leaders of this market. One of the key decision-making factors in the selection of the partner was the quality of projects implemented by the partner, and the partner’s focus on customer satisfaction†, explained Sergei Prokhorov.At present, the GMCS specialists completed creation of a solution concept model for customer accounting and service. According to the proposed model based on Microsoft Dynamics AX for Retail, the following processes will be automated: acceptance, shipment, return, and selling, including selling of goo ds on credit and via ECCO Internet Shop, payment and cash services, product range and stock management, inventorying and adjustment of entries of stock changes under wrong heading, warehouse.The system will enable to control personnel performance including opening and closing of shift, strict accounting of labor hours of the employees through a biometric authorization system, as well as accounting of visitors. The auxiliary processes will also be automated such as accounting of corporate clothes and footwear, and consumable materials. Emphasis is placed on the automation of marketing activity processes and loyalty management program. Based on Microsoft Dynamics AX for Retail, the processes of management of advertising campaigns, handling of saving discount cards, bonus and gift cards will be automated. The final project objective is to create a conceptually new, innovative and scaling solution for retail that will be able to replace front office software (disconnected, as a rule) fo r integrated customer accounting and service system that will form a uniform information space from cashier to manager. The Microsoft Dynamics AX for Retail tools enable us to accomplish all tasks stated by a customer†, comment Sergei Kotov, Retail Solutions Department Director at GMCS. – â€Å"We specially focus on the quality of the future solution, simplicity and flexibility of its use.ECCO-ROS will be able to independently customize the system later in case of any change or occurrence of new business-processes thereby reducing costs for support and development of the system†. The system is scheduled to be put into operation in the pilot regions (stores in Moscow and Saint Petersburg) in December 2012. In future, the uniform customer accounting and service system is expected to be deployed in all remaining stores of the retail chain that is presented today by more than 300 stores in Russia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and Uzbekistan.E CCO-ROS is an exclusive distributor of Danish shoe brand ECCO in Russia. Since 1991, the company offers to Russian consumers the world’s popular ECCO shoes. As at 2012, the ECCO chain comprises of more than 300 stores in Russia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and Uzbekistan and continues to actively develop. The company’s office is located in Moscow; management of the proprietary stores in the regions and interrelation with regional partners is performed from the office. Back to list Feedback  © 1997 — 2010 â€Å"GMCS† All rights reserved. Made in agency www. gmcs. ru/en/press/news/4447/? print=Y 1/1

Theories of Crime Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Theories of Crime - Essay Example For instance, contemporary criminologists make use of a ‘legalistic’ instead of a ‘normative’ description of criminal behavior. A legalistic description of criminal behavior takes as its basis the legal descriptions enclosed in the penal code. The law establishes what is criminal and what is not (Thacher, 2004, 381). Criminality involves the mechanisms of law-making, law-breaking, and acting in response toward law-breaking behaviors. These three mechanisms construct an integrated series of events. In addition, criminology is a methodical study of the biological, sociological and psychological aspects of criminal behavior (Thacher, 2004). The objective of this paper is to differentiate two of the most widely used criminology theories, sociobiology and attachment theories. The strengths and weaknesses of each of these theories will also be discussed. Biological accounts concerning criminal behavior were no longer encouraging in the early twentieth century. At this point in time, criminologist started to concentrate on sociological forces toward criminal behavior such as family background, social standing, peer group, and others (Hacking, 2006). The attempt and success of these criminologists was in fact viewed and though to be commonly illogical and unfounded empirically by the leading sociologists at the time. These particular sociologists embraced the idea referred to as ‘biophobia’, which clarified that they intentionally did not pay any attention or thought to biological aspects concerning any effort to understand human nature (Hacking, 2006). The contemporary research of sociobiology has hence reinvigorated interests in locating a foundation for criminal behavior in the biological aspect. Hence if genetics really manipulate or influence behavior, then it may also be accountable for understanding whether an individual